Commentary by Jeffrey Kuhner

The Bush administration has decided to get involved in another dangerous nation-building project - this time in the volatile Balkans. More ominously, the effects of this intervention will be to lay the groundwork for an Islamist state in the heart of Europe.

Last week, Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice and the leaders of Bosnia's three main groups- Muslims, Serbs and Croats - met in Washington to celebrate the 10th anniversary of the Dayton Accords, which ended Europe's worst bloodletting since 1945. But instead of limiting itself to a symbolic remembrance ceremony, the administration pressured Bosnia's political representatives to sign an agreement demanding constitutional reforms by early next year.

The plan seeks to establish a centralized, unitary state dominated by a strong government in Sarajevo. The ultimate goal is to do away with most of the post-Dayton institutions, and orge a more cohesive state that will finally eradicate the country's ethnic divisions.

Bosnia's current political system, with its rotating tripartite presidency, parallel administrations and vast bureaucracy, is neither rational nor efficient. Reform is needed. The American-backed plan, however, is a recipe for disaster. It is a form of radical social engineering that will have to be imposed against the wishes of the country's Serb and Croat populations. More importantly, it will pave the way for potentially turning Bosnia into Europe's first Islamic republic. This will destabilize not only the Balkans,

but the entire European continent.

What is remarkable about this plan is that it has been spearheaded by the very same Balkanists in the State Department, who are most responsible for the disaster that has befallen the peoples of Bosnia. During the Bosnian war of 1992-1995, State Department officials refused to lift the arms embargo against the Muslims and Croats. This effectively favored the murderous Serb forces, since they had access to the vast depots of weapons left over from the fall of Yugoslavia. The result was that hundreds of thousands were slaughtered and several million were expelled from their homes.

Due to the West's passivity in the face of Serb genocide, many of Bosnia?s Muslims became radicalized. Thousands of foreign Arab fighters, known as the mujahedeen, infiltrated into the country in order to wage jihad against Christian Serb and Catholic Croat forces. Iran and Saudi Arabia's influence over the Bosnian Muslim authorities grew as the war ground on. Radical Islam took root in the Balkans.

Most of Bosnia's Muslims remain secular or moderate. But in his recent book, "Faith at War," Yaroslav Trofimov, the Wall Street Journal's foreign correspondent, documents the chilling rise of militant Islam since the end of the fighting.

Mr. Trofimov shows that the Saudis have been funding numerous mosques in Sarajevo, where long-bearded men promote Wahhabism, a particularly intolerant version of Islam. The Saudis have also supported charities that serve as fronts for al Qaeda. Islamist radio stations, such as Radio Naba, and radical organizations, such as the Young Muslims, have proliferated. Parts of Bosnia, like the village of Bocinja, serve as enclaves for the country's remaining mujahedeen.

What is most disturbing, however, is the influx of young Bosnian Muslim fighters into Iraq, where they are joining the Islamofascist insurgents in their barbaric campaign against U.S. forces. At one of Sarajevo's main mosques, the second highest-ranking cleric in the country, Ismet Spahic, has publicly denounced the U.S.-led war in Iraq as "genocide."

This small minority of Islamic militants is growing, acting like a cancer on Bosnia?s body politic. Instead of taking forceful action to stop this threat, the United States, the European Union and the authorities in Sarajevo have ignored it.

They have also turned a blind eye to the growing persecution of Bosnia's Christians, especially Croatian Catholics. Locked into a federation with the country's majority Muslims, the Croatians have seen their numbers dwindle as they slowly leave their ancestral lands. Their basic rights are repeatedly violated.

"Before the war there were 820,000 Catholics in Bosnia-Herzegovina and now there are 466,000," said Cardinal Vinko Puljic, the leading figure of the Catholic Church in Bosnia-Herzegovina. "We never received any form of help or support for our people to return."

The Croatians are dying. If this package of constitutional reforms is passed, it will be the Serbs' turn to be submerged by the growing Muslim majority.

The only way to bring about lasting stability in Bosnia is not by centralizing power and trying to forge an artificial "Bosnian" identity - as the U.S. plan foolishly seeks to do. Rather, it is to adopt the Switzerland model: make Bosnia into an efficient decentralized state, where power is devolved to ethnically-based cantons that will have considerable political, religious and cultural autonomy.

By making all three ethnic groups masters in their own house, it will give each of them, especially the minority Serbs and Croats, an incentive to view Bosnia as their shared, common homeland. It will also help to contain radical Islam by providing an internal system of checks and balances, which will prevent any kind of potential Islamic movement from seizing national power.

To the Balkanists in the State Department, however, Bosnia is a giant laboratory for their experiment in multiethnic nation-building. Like other such experiments - Yugoslavia, the Soviet Union, Czechoslovakia - it will fail. This time the cost to the West will be even more severe: an Islamic inroad into the center of Europe. Washington will rue the day.

- Jeffrey T. Kuhner is editor of Insight on the News (www.insightmag.com) and a contributor to the Commentary Pages at The Washington Times.